How does latitude affect solar panel output?

Latitude changes day length and sun angle through the year. Near the equator, days stay similar length year-round so solar output is steady. At higher latitudes, summer days are long and winter days short, so daily generation swings much more between seasons.

Which cities get the most solar generation per kW?

On this page, cities in sunny subtropical and desert climates (for example Phoenix, Brisbane, or Delhi) typically show the highest kWh per kW per day. High-latitude cities like London or Reykjavík can still produce well in summer but much less in winter. Use the comparison table to scan all 28 locations.

Why does solar output vary so much between summer and winter?

Seasonal change is mostly about how many hours the sun is high enough to produce power, and the sun's path through the sky. Winter has fewer productive hours and a lower peak, so the daily energy curve is narrower and totals less energy per day.

How much electricity does a 6.6 kW solar system produce per day?

It depends on location and season. A useful rule of thumb is: daily kWh ≈ system kW × kWh per kW per day. This page uses 6.6 kW and shows typical daily yield in the comparison table (annual-average column) and under each city chart.

Solar generation & energy consumption patterns around the world

How much of a typical home’s 25 kWh/day electricity use can a 6.6 kW rooftop solar system cover — and how does that change with a battery, across seasons, and around the globe? We modelled 28 cities to find out.

All numbers use the same system size and consumption profile so you can compare like-for-like. For country-specific pricing, tariffs, and battery economics, follow the links to our location guides.

Comparison table

City	Country	Lat	Generation (kWh/kW/day)				6.6 kW system				Gen / consumption			Self-sufficiency (no battery)			Self-sufficiency (+ 5 kWh)			Self-sufficiency (+ 8 kWh)			Self-sufficiency (+ 12 kWh)
City	Country	Lat	Lowest	Avg	Highest	Spread	Low	Avg	High	Grid import	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High
Phoenix	United States	33.5°N	4.8 December	5.7	6.4 June	28%	31.7 kWh	37.6 kWh	42.2 kWh	13.2 kWh	127%	150%	169%	~37.4%	~47.0%	~54.5%	~65.9%	~75.4%	~82.7%	~83.0%	~89.1%	~94.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Manila	Philippines	14.6°N	4.2 December	4.6	4.9 September	18%	27.4 kWh	30.2 kWh	32.4 kWh	13.7 kWh	110%	121%	130%	~42.2%	~45.3%	~47.8%	~70.7%	~73.7%	~76.2%	~86.9%	~88.0%	~89.1%	~100.0%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Sydney	Australia	33.9°S	3.4 June	4.3	4.8 October	42%	22.5 kWh	28.3 kWh	31.8 kWh	13.8 kWh	90%	113%	127%	~35.6%	~44.9%	~53.4%	~64.1%	~73.3%	~81.6%	~81.2%	~87.8%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Tokyo	Japan	35.7°N	2.9 January	3.7	4.3 August	38%	19.1 kWh	24.4 kWh	28.4 kWh	13.9 kWh	76%	98%	114%	~31.6%	~44.3%	~56.7%	~60.0%	~72.8%	~85.6%	~77.1%	~88.3%	~97.0%	~95.1%	~98.8%	~100.0%
London	United Kingdom	51.5°N	1.2 December	2.8	4.5 June	118%	7.9 kWh	18.5 kWh	29.7 kWh	14.3 kWh	32%	74%	119%	~22.2%	~42.7%	~63.4%	~39.8%	~68.1%	~90.7%	~45.5%	~79.3%	~100.0%	~53.1%	~85.0%	~100.0%
Reykjavík	Iceland	64.2°N	0.5 December	2.4	4.8 June	181%	3.0 kWh	15.8 kWh	31.7 kWh	15.2 kWh	12%	63%	127%	~11.7%	~39.3%	~64.7%	~21.2%	~62.7%	~91.5%	~26.9%	~69.8%	~100.0%	~34.5%	~75.5%	~100.0%

City	Country	Lat	Generation (kWh/kW/day)				6.6 kW system				Gen / consumption			Self-sufficiency (no battery)			Self-sufficiency (+ 5 kWh)			Self-sufficiency (+ 8 kWh)			Self-sufficiency (+ 12 kWh)
City	Country	Lat	Lowest	Avg	Highest	Spread	Low	Avg	High	Grid import	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High	Low	Avg	High
Phoenix	United States	33.5°N	4.8 December	5.7	6.4 June	28%	31.7 kWh	37.6 kWh	42.2 kWh	13.2 kWh	127%	150%	169%	~37.4%	~47.0%	~54.5%	~65.9%	~75.4%	~82.7%	~83.0%	~89.1%	~94.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Delhi	India	28.6°N	3.5 July	4.8	5.7 April	46%	23.1 kWh	31.7 kWh	37.6 kWh	13.6 kWh	92%	127%	150%	~35.8%	~45.8%	~54.0%	~64.2%	~74.2%	~82.2%	~81.3%	~88.3%	~93.6%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Manila	Philippines	14.6°N	4.2 December	4.6	4.9 September	18%	27.4 kWh	30.2 kWh	32.4 kWh	13.7 kWh	110%	121%	130%	~42.2%	~45.3%	~47.8%	~70.7%	~73.7%	~76.2%	~86.9%	~88.0%	~89.1%	~100.0%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Bangkok	Thailand	13.8°N	4.2 December	4.6	4.9 September	18%	27.5 kWh	30.2 kWh	32.5 kWh	13.7 kWh	110%	121%	130%	~42.3%	~45.3%	~47.8%	~70.7%	~73.8%	~76.2%	~86.9%	~88.0%	~89.1%	~100.0%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Mumbai	India	19.1°N	4.0 December	4.5	4.9 September	22%	26.5 kWh	29.9 kWh	32.3 kWh	13.6 kWh	106%	120%	129%	~36.4%	~45.5%	~53.4%	~64.9%	~73.9%	~81.6%	~82.0%	~88.2%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Mexico City	Mexico	19.4°N	4.0 December	4.5	4.9 September	22%	26.5 kWh	29.9 kWh	32.3 kWh	13.6 kWh	106%	120%	129%	~36.4%	~45.5%	~53.4%	~64.9%	~73.9%	~81.6%	~82.0%	~88.2%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Hanoi	Vietnam	21.0°N	4.0 December	4.5	4.9 April	23%	26.2 kWh	29.8 kWh	32.2 kWh	13.6 kWh	105%	119%	129%	~36.4%	~45.5%	~53.4%	~64.8%	~73.8%	~81.6%	~81.9%	~88.1%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Madrid	Spain	40.4°N	3.4 December	4.5	5.5 July	47%	22.4 kWh	29.7 kWh	36.3 kWh	13.3 kWh	90%	119%	145%	~32.4%	~46.6%	~59.4%	~60.8%	~74.9%	~87.6%	~77.9%	~89.6%	~99.0%	~98.2%	~99.5%	~100.0%
Nairobi	Kenya	1.3°S	4.2 July	4.5	4.7 February	11%	27.7 kWh	29.7 kWh	31.0 kWh	13.8 kWh	111%	119%	124%	~42.4%	~45.1%	~47.4%	~70.8%	~73.5%	~75.8%	~86.9%	~88.0%	~88.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%	~100.0%
São Paulo	Brazil	23.6°S	3.9 June	4.5	4.9 October	26%	25.6 kWh	29.5 kWh	32.2 kWh	13.6 kWh	102%	118%	129%	~36.3%	~45.3%	~53.4%	~64.7%	~73.7%	~81.6%	~81.8%	~88.1%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Brisbane	Australia	27.5°S	3.7 June	4.4	4.9 October	31%	24.5 kWh	29.1 kWh	32.1 kWh	13.7 kWh	98%	116%	128%	~36.0%	~45.1%	~53.4%	~64.5%	~73.6%	~81.6%	~81.6%	~88.0%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Houston	United States	29.7°N	3.6 December	4.4	4.9 April	34%	24.0 kWh	29.0 kWh	32.0 kWh	13.7 kWh	96%	116%	128%	~35.9%	~45.1%	~53.4%	~64.4%	~73.5%	~81.6%	~81.5%	~88.0%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Lahore	Pakistan	31.5°N	3.5 December	4.4	4.8 April	37%	23.3 kWh	28.7 kWh	31.9 kWh	13.7 kWh	93%	115%	128%	~35.8%	~45.1%	~53.4%	~64.3%	~73.4%	~81.6%	~81.3%	~87.9%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Los Angeles	United States	34.1°N	3.4 December	4.3	4.8 April	42%	22.4 kWh	28.4 kWh	31.8 kWh	13.8 kWh	90%	114%	127%	~35.6%	~44.9%	~53.4%	~64.1%	~73.3%	~81.6%	~81.2%	~87.8%	~93.0%	~99.8%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Cape Town	South Africa	33.9°S	3.4 June	4.3	4.8 October	40%	22.7 kWh	28.4 kWh	31.8 kWh	13.8 kWh	91%	114%	127%	~35.7%	~44.9%	~53.4%	~64.1%	~73.3%	~81.6%	~81.2%	~87.8%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Santiago	Chile	33.4°S	3.5 June	4.3	4.8 October	40%	22.8 kWh	28.4 kWh	31.9 kWh	13.8 kWh	91%	114%	128%	~35.7%	~44.9%	~53.4%	~64.2%	~73.3%	~81.6%	~81.3%	~87.9%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Sydney	Australia	33.9°S	3.4 June	4.3	4.8 October	42%	22.5 kWh	28.3 kWh	31.8 kWh	13.8 kWh	90%	113%	127%	~35.6%	~44.9%	~53.4%	~64.1%	~73.3%	~81.6%	~81.2%	~87.8%	~93.0%	~99.9%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Melbourne	Australia	37.8°S	3.2 June	4.2	4.8 February	48%	21.3 kWh	27.8 kWh	31.7 kWh	13.6 kWh	85%	111%	127%	~32.1%	~45.7%	~58.2%	~60.6%	~74.1%	~86.4%	~77.6%	~89.0%	~97.8%	~98.1%	~99.5%	~100.0%
Lagos	Nigeria	6.5°N	3.9 August	4.2	4.5 January	14%	25.7 kWh	27.7 kWh	29.7 kWh	13.9 kWh	103%	111%	119%	~41.6%	~44.4%	~47.0%	~70.0%	~72.8%	~75.5%	~86.8%	~87.8%	~88.7%	~100.0%	~100.0%	~100.0%
Beijing	China	39.9°N	2.6 December	4.2	5.5 May	69%	17.2 kWh	27.7 kWh	36.3 kWh	13.6 kWh	69%	111%	145%	~31.1%	~45.7%	~59.4%	~59.6%	~74.1%	~87.6%	~76.6%	~89.0%	~99.0%	~87.9%	~97.0%	~100.0%
New York	United States	40.7°N	3.0 December	4.1	4.7 August	57%	20.0 kWh	27.3 kWh	31.3 kWh	13.7 kWh	80%	109%	125%	~31.8%	~45.5%	~58.2%	~60.2%	~73.8%	~86.3%	~77.3%	~88.8%	~97.7%	~97.9%	~99.5%	~100.0%
Tokyo	Japan	35.7°N	2.9 January	3.7	4.3 August	38%	19.1 kWh	24.4 kWh	28.4 kWh	13.9 kWh	76%	98%	114%	~31.6%	~44.3%	~56.7%	~60.0%	~72.8%	~85.6%	~77.1%	~88.3%	~97.0%	~95.1%	~98.8%	~100.0%
Toronto	Canada	43.6°N	1.6 December	3.4	5.0 July	100%	10.6 kWh	22.4 kWh	33.0 kWh	14.2 kWh	42%	90%	132%	~27.4%	~43.1%	~58.6%	~50.4%	~70.2%	~86.8%	~56.1%	~83.0%	~98.2%	~63.7%	~90.9%	~100.0%
Vancouver	Canada	49.3°N	1.0 December	3.1	5.2 July	135%	6.6 kWh	20.5 kWh	34.3 kWh	14.6 kWh	26%	82%	137%	~23.7%	~41.8%	~58.9%	~35.7%	~66.0%	~87.1%	~41.4%	~78.9%	~98.5%	~49.0%	~87.2%	~100.0%
Stockholm	Sweden	59.3°N	0.9 December	3.0	5.4 June	150%	5.9 kWh	19.8 kWh	35.6 kWh	14.2 kWh	24%	79%	142%	~20.9%	~43.6%	~66.6%	~32.7%	~67.4%	~93.2%	~38.4%	~79.0%	~100.0%	~46.0%	~85.7%	~100.0%
Moscow	Russia	55.8°N	0.9 December	2.9	5.2 June	147%	6.3 kWh	19.1 kWh	34.3 kWh	14.2 kWh	25%	76%	137%	~21.2%	~43.3%	~66.0%	~33.9%	~67.4%	~92.7%	~39.6%	~79.0%	~100.0%	~47.2%	~84.8%	~100.0%
London	United Kingdom	51.5°N	1.2 December	2.8	4.5 June	118%	7.9 kWh	18.5 kWh	29.7 kWh	14.3 kWh	32%	74%	119%	~22.2%	~42.7%	~63.4%	~39.8%	~68.1%	~90.7%	~45.5%	~79.3%	~100.0%	~53.1%	~85.0%	~100.0%
Reykjavík	Iceland	64.2°N	0.5 December	2.4	4.8 June	181%	3.0 kWh	15.8 kWh	31.7 kWh	15.2 kWh	12%	63%	127%	~11.7%	~39.3%	~64.7%	~21.2%	~62.7%	~91.5%	~26.9%	~69.8%	~100.0%	~34.5%	~75.5%	~100.0%

Showing 6 representative cities — desert, tropical, Southern Hemisphere, East Asia, mid-latitude, and subarctic.

What the numbers tell us

The table above compresses a lot of information. Here’s how to read the key metrics and what they mean for a real household.

Generation vs consumption — the starting point

The Gen / Consumption column is the simplest measure: how much energy does your system produce relative to what your home uses on an average day? Phoenix generates 150% of its daily consumption — more than enough on paper. Reykjavík manages 63%.

But this headline number hides two things: when the energy is generated versus when it’s needed, and how much that ratio swings across seasons.

Self-sufficiency — what you actually use

Even Phoenix, at 150% generation, only achieves roughly 47% self-sufficiency without a battery. More than half the solar is produced when you don’t need it (midday surplus), while you need power when there is none (evening and night). This is why the self-sufficiency column matters more than total generation for bill impact.

Self-sufficiency differs from self-consumption, which measures how much of your generated solar you use rather than export. A low-generation location like London can have very high self-consumption — nearly all the solar gets used — yet still depend on the grid for most of its energy. Self-sufficiency tells the real story.

How batteries change the equation

A battery captures midday surplus and releases it in the evening — directly boosting self-sufficiency. The table compares 5, 8 and 12 kWh batteries alongside a no-battery baseline (all using 90% round-trip efficiency and 50% starting charge).

The jump from no battery to a 5 kWh battery is the biggest single improvement: Phoenix leaps from 47% to 75%, London from 43% to 68%. Scaling to 8 kWh pushes further (Phoenix 89%, London 79%), and 12 kWh gets sunny cities close to 100%.

But high-latitude cities hit diminishing returns — Reykjavík caps around 76% with 12 kWh because there simply isn’t enough winter generation to store. The seasonal breakdown in the table shows exactly where this ceiling appears for each city.

Below is an example from the Photonik app showing how energy flows through the day with a battery — charging from solar during the day and powering your home through the evening.

Example Photonik app chart showing daily energy flows with battery — import from grid, self-consumption, export, battery level, and total generation

Try it for your home in the Photonik app →

The seasonal story

Near the equator (Manila, Bangkok, Nairobi) — generation barely changes between best and worst month. Seasonal spread stays under 20% and self-sufficiency is consistent year-round. What you see in the annual average is what you get every month.

Subtropical and desert cities (Phoenix, Brisbane, Madrid) — strong year-round output with a moderate seasonal swing (28–47%). Good economics in both seasons, and batteries make a big impact because there is enough winter sun to store.

High-latitude cities (London, Stockholm, Reykjavík) — enormous seasonal swings (118–181%). Summer self-sufficiency can rival the tropics (Reykjavík hits 65% in its best month), but winter drops to 11–22%. This is the real challenge for northern solar: not bad annual numbers, but a deep winter trough that batteries alone cannot bridge.

Which calendar month is “lowest” or “highest” depends on hemisphere and local climate — check the month labels in the table and chart titles.

What this means for your electricity bill

Self-sufficiency translates directly to bill reduction: 47% self-sufficiency means roughly 47% less electricity purchased from the grid. But the value of that saving depends on local electricity prices — a 47% cut in Australia (high tariffs) saves more money than 47% in parts of India (lower tariffs). See our cost comparison by country for pricing context.

Heating and cooling matter too. Homes with electric heating use far more in winter — precisely when solar is weakest in temperate climates. Homes with heavy air conditioning use more in summer, when solar is strongest. Your actual consumption profile shifts these numbers significantly.

This model uses a flat 25 kWh/day profile. Your real home will differ — the Photonik savings calculator uses your actual address, roof, and tariff to personalise these numbers and show you exactly what solar and a battery would save at your home.

Reading the charts

Orange curve: modelled solar power through the day for that profile.
Blue curve: typical residential consumption shape (totals 25 kWh/day).
Yellow / blue fills: solar production and consumption envelopes; where they overlap, more energy is used on-site.
Lowest / Highest use your location pipeline’s typical worst and best calendar months (kWh/kW/day) plus a day-length curve for that latitude. Annual average blends the year.

Representative locations (charts)

Phoenix, United States (Desert; 33.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 31.7 kWh (December) · 37.6 kWh (avg) · 42.2 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 127% (December) · 150% (avg) · 169% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~37.4% (December) · ~48.0% (avg) · ~54.5% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~65.9% (December) · ~76.5% (avg) · ~82.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~83.0% (December) · ~89.7% (avg) · ~94.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.2 kWh (no battery) · 6.2 kWh (+5) · 2.8 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 28%

Manila, Philippines (Tropical; 14.6°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 27.4 kWh (December) · 30.2 kWh (avg) · 32.4 kWh (September)
Generation vs consumption: 110% (December) · 121% (avg) · 130% (September)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~42.2% (December) · ~45.6% (avg) · ~47.8% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~70.7% (December) · ~74.0% (avg) · ~76.2% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~86.9% (December) · ~88.0% (avg) · ~89.1% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~100.0% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (September)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 18%

Sydney, Australia (Temperate; 33.9°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.5 kWh (June) · 28.3 kWh (avg) · 31.8 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 90% (June) · 113% (avg) · 127% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.6% (June) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.1% (June) · ~73.7% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.2% (June) · ~88.6% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.7 kWh (+5) · 3.1 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 42%

Tokyo, Japan (Humid subtropical; 35.7°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 19.1 kWh (January) · 24.4 kWh (avg) · 28.4 kWh (August)
Generation vs consumption: 76% (January) · 98% (avg) · 114% (August)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~31.6% (January) · ~44.4% (avg) · ~56.7% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~60.0% (January) · ~72.8% (avg) · ~85.6% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~77.1% (January) · ~89.6% (avg) · ~97.0% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~95.1% (January) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (August)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.9 kWh (no battery) · 6.8 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.3 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 38%

London, United Kingdom (Temperate maritime; 51.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 7.9 kWh (December) · 18.5 kWh (avg) · 29.7 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 32% (December) · 74% (avg) · 119% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~22.2% (December) · ~42.6% (avg) · ~63.4% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~39.8% (December) · ~71.0% (avg) · ~90.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~45.5% (December) · ~85.8% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~53.1% (December) · ~93.4% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.3 kWh (no battery) · 7.9 kWh (+5) · 5.2 kWh (+8) · 3.7 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 118%

Reykjavík, Iceland (Subarctic oceanic; 64.2°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 3.0 kWh (December) · 15.8 kWh (avg) · 31.7 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 12% (December) · 63% (avg) · 127% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~11.7% (December) · ~40.5% (avg) · ~64.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~21.2% (December) · ~69.0% (avg) · ~91.5% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~26.9% (December) · ~76.2% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~34.5% (December) · ~83.7% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 15.2 kWh (no battery) · 9.3 kWh (+5) · 7.6 kWh (+8) · 6.1 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 181%

Australia & Oceania

Brisbane, Australia (Subtropical; 27.5°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 24.5 kWh (June) · 29.1 kWh (avg) · 32.1 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 98% (June) · 116% (avg) · 128% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~36.0% (June) · ~45.6% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.5% (June) · ~74.1% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.6% (June) · ~88.7% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 31%

Sydney, Australia (Temperate; 33.9°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.5 kWh (June) · 28.3 kWh (avg) · 31.8 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 90% (June) · 113% (avg) · 127% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.6% (June) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.1% (June) · ~73.7% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.2% (June) · ~88.6% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.7 kWh (+5) · 3.1 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 42%

Melbourne, Australia (Temperate; 37.8°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 21.3 kWh (June) · 27.8 kWh (avg) · 31.7 kWh (February)
Generation vs consumption: 85% (June) · 111% (avg) · 127% (February)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~32.1% (June) · ~46.2% (avg) · ~58.2% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~60.6% (June) · ~74.6% (avg) · ~86.4% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~77.6% (June) · ~90.3% (avg) · ~97.8% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~98.1% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (February)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.5 kWh (+5) · 2.7 kWh (+8) · 0.1 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 48%

South & Southeast Asia

Manila, Philippines (Tropical; 14.6°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 27.4 kWh (December) · 30.2 kWh (avg) · 32.4 kWh (September)
Generation vs consumption: 110% (December) · 121% (avg) · 130% (September)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~42.2% (December) · ~45.6% (avg) · ~47.8% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~70.7% (December) · ~74.0% (avg) · ~76.2% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~86.9% (December) · ~88.0% (avg) · ~89.1% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~100.0% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (September)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 18%

Bangkok, Thailand (Tropical; 13.8°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 27.5 kWh (December) · 30.2 kWh (avg) · 32.5 kWh (September)
Generation vs consumption: 110% (December) · 121% (avg) · 130% (September)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~42.3% (December) · ~45.6% (avg) · ~47.8% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~70.7% (December) · ~74.1% (avg) · ~76.2% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~86.9% (December) · ~88.0% (avg) · ~89.1% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~100.0% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (September)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 18%

Hanoi, Vietnam (Subtropical humid; 21.0°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 26.2 kWh (December) · 29.8 kWh (avg) · 32.2 kWh (April)
Generation vs consumption: 105% (December) · 119% (avg) · 129% (April)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~36.4% (December) · ~46.0% (avg) · ~53.4% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.8% (December) · ~74.4% (avg) · ~81.6% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.9% (December) · ~88.8% (avg) · ~93.0% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (April)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 23%

Mumbai, India (Tropical monsoon; 19.1°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 26.5 kWh (December) · 29.9 kWh (avg) · 32.3 kWh (September)
Generation vs consumption: 106% (December) · 120% (avg) · 129% (September)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~36.4% (December) · ~46.0% (avg) · ~53.4% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.9% (December) · ~74.5% (avg) · ~81.6% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~82.0% (December) · ~88.8% (avg) · ~93.0% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (September)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 22%

Delhi, India (Semi-arid; 28.6°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 23.1 kWh (July) · 31.7 kWh (avg) · 37.6 kWh (April)
Generation vs consumption: 92% (July) · 127% (avg) · 150% (April)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.8% (July) · ~46.8% (avg) · ~54.0% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.2% (July) · ~75.3% (avg) · ~82.2% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.3% (July) · ~89.1% (avg) · ~93.6% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (July) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (April)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.5 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 46%

Lahore, Pakistan (Semi-arid; 31.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 23.3 kWh (December) · 28.7 kWh (avg) · 31.9 kWh (April)
Generation vs consumption: 93% (December) · 115% (avg) · 128% (April)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.8% (December) · ~45.5% (avg) · ~53.4% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.3% (December) · ~73.9% (avg) · ~81.6% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.3% (December) · ~88.7% (avg) · ~93.0% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (April)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 37%

East Asia

Tokyo, Japan (Humid subtropical; 35.7°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 19.1 kWh (January) · 24.4 kWh (avg) · 28.4 kWh (August)
Generation vs consumption: 76% (January) · 98% (avg) · 114% (August)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~31.6% (January) · ~44.4% (avg) · ~56.7% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~60.0% (January) · ~72.8% (avg) · ~85.6% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~77.1% (January) · ~89.6% (avg) · ~97.0% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~95.1% (January) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (August)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.9 kWh (no battery) · 6.8 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.3 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 38%

Beijing, China (Continental monsoon; 39.9°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 17.2 kWh (December) · 27.7 kWh (avg) · 36.3 kWh (May)
Generation vs consumption: 69% (December) · 111% (avg) · 145% (May)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~31.1% (December) · ~46.1% (avg) · ~59.4% (May)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~59.6% (December) · ~74.6% (avg) · ~87.6% (May)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~76.6% (December) · ~90.3% (avg) · ~99.0% (May)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~87.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (May)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.5 kWh (+5) · 2.7 kWh (+8) · 0.8 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 69%

Europe

Madrid, Spain (Mediterranean; 40.4°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.4 kWh (December) · 29.7 kWh (avg) · 36.3 kWh (July)
Generation vs consumption: 90% (December) · 119% (avg) · 145% (July)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~32.4% (December) · ~47.2% (avg) · ~59.4% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~60.8% (December) · ~75.7% (avg) · ~87.6% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~77.9% (December) · ~90.7% (avg) · ~99.0% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~98.2% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (July)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.3 kWh (no battery) · 6.3 kWh (+5) · 2.6 kWh (+8) · 0.1 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 47%

London, United Kingdom (Temperate maritime; 51.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 7.9 kWh (December) · 18.5 kWh (avg) · 29.7 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 32% (December) · 74% (avg) · 119% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~22.2% (December) · ~42.6% (avg) · ~63.4% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~39.8% (December) · ~71.0% (avg) · ~90.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~45.5% (December) · ~85.8% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~53.1% (December) · ~93.4% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.3 kWh (no battery) · 7.9 kWh (+5) · 5.2 kWh (+8) · 3.7 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 118%

Stockholm, Sweden (Northern temperate; 59.3°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 5.9 kWh (December) · 19.8 kWh (avg) · 35.6 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 24% (December) · 79% (avg) · 142% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~20.9% (December) · ~43.4% (avg) · ~66.6% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~32.7% (December) · ~71.9% (avg) · ~93.2% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~38.4% (December) · ~88.9% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~46.0% (December) · ~98.3% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.2 kWh (no battery) · 8.1 kWh (+5) · 5.2 kWh (+8) · 3.6 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 150%

Northern Eurasia

Moscow, Russia (Continental; 55.8°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 6.3 kWh (December) · 19.1 kWh (avg) · 34.3 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 25% (December) · 76% (avg) · 137% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~21.2% (December) · ~43.0% (avg) · ~66.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~33.9% (December) · ~71.5% (avg) · ~92.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~39.6% (December) · ~88.3% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~47.2% (December) · ~95.9% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.2 kWh (no battery) · 8.1 kWh (+5) · 5.2 kWh (+8) · 3.8 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 147%

Reykjavík, Iceland (Subarctic oceanic; 64.2°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 3.0 kWh (December) · 15.8 kWh (avg) · 31.7 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 12% (December) · 63% (avg) · 127% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~11.7% (December) · ~40.5% (avg) · ~64.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~21.2% (December) · ~69.0% (avg) · ~91.5% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~26.9% (December) · ~76.2% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~34.5% (December) · ~83.7% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 15.2 kWh (no battery) · 9.3 kWh (+5) · 7.6 kWh (+8) · 6.1 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 181%

North America

Phoenix, United States (Desert; 33.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 31.7 kWh (December) · 37.6 kWh (avg) · 42.2 kWh (June)
Generation vs consumption: 127% (December) · 150% (avg) · 169% (June)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~37.4% (December) · ~48.0% (avg) · ~54.5% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~65.9% (December) · ~76.5% (avg) · ~82.7% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~83.0% (December) · ~89.7% (avg) · ~94.0% (June)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (June)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.2 kWh (no battery) · 6.2 kWh (+5) · 2.8 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 28%

Los Angeles, United States (Warm-summer Mediterranean; 34.1°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.4 kWh (December) · 28.4 kWh (avg) · 31.8 kWh (April)
Generation vs consumption: 90% (December) · 114% (avg) · 127% (April)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.6% (December) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~53.4% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.1% (December) · ~73.7% (avg) · ~81.6% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.2% (December) · ~88.6% (avg) · ~93.0% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.8% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (April)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.7 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 42%

Houston, United States (Subtropical humid; 29.7°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 24.0 kWh (December) · 29.0 kWh (avg) · 32.0 kWh (April)
Generation vs consumption: 96% (December) · 116% (avg) · 128% (April)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.9% (December) · ~45.6% (avg) · ~53.4% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.4% (December) · ~74.0% (avg) · ~81.6% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.5% (December) · ~88.7% (avg) · ~93.0% (April)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (April)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 34%

New York, United States (Temperate continental; 40.7°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 20.0 kWh (December) · 27.3 kWh (avg) · 31.3 kWh (August)
Generation vs consumption: 80% (December) · 109% (avg) · 125% (August)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~31.8% (December) · ~45.9% (avg) · ~58.2% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~60.2% (December) · ~74.4% (avg) · ~86.3% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~77.3% (December) · ~90.2% (avg) · ~97.7% (August)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~97.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (August)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.7 kWh (no battery) · 6.5 kWh (+5) · 2.8 kWh (+8) · 0.1 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 57%

Vancouver, Canada (Oceanic temperate; 49.3°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 6.6 kWh (December) · 20.5 kWh (avg) · 34.3 kWh (July)
Generation vs consumption: 26% (December) · 82% (avg) · 137% (July)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~23.7% (December) · ~42.3% (avg) · ~58.9% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~35.7% (December) · ~70.7% (avg) · ~87.1% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~41.4% (December) · ~87.8% (avg) · ~98.5% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~49.0% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (July)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.6 kWh (no battery) · 8.5 kWh (+5) · 5.3 kWh (+8) · 3.2 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 135%

Toronto, Canada (Humid continental; 43.6°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 10.6 kWh (December) · 22.4 kWh (avg) · 33.0 kWh (July)
Generation vs consumption: 42% (December) · 90% (avg) · 132% (July)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~27.4% (December) · ~43.3% (avg) · ~58.6% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~50.4% (December) · ~71.8% (avg) · ~86.8% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~56.1% (December) · ~88.8% (avg) · ~98.2% (July)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~63.7% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (July)
Grid import — weighted avg: 14.2 kWh (no battery) · 7.5 kWh (+5) · 4.3 kWh (+8) · 2.3 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 6:00pm
Seasonal variation: 100%

Africa

Lagos, Nigeria (Tropical; 6.5°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 25.7 kWh (August) · 27.7 kWh (avg) · 29.7 kWh (January)
Generation vs consumption: 103% (August) · 111% (avg) · 119% (January)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~41.6% (August) · ~44.4% (avg) · ~47.0% (January)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~70.0% (August) · ~72.9% (avg) · ~75.5% (January)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~86.8% (August) · ~87.8% (avg) · ~88.7% (January)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~100.0% (August) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (January)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.9 kWh (no battery) · 6.8 kWh (+5) · 3.1 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 14%

Nairobi, Kenya (Tropical highland; 1.3°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 27.7 kWh (July) · 29.7 kWh (avg) · 31.0 kWh (February)
Generation vs consumption: 111% (July) · 119% (avg) · 124% (February)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~42.4% (July) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~47.4% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~70.8% (July) · ~73.8% (avg) · ~75.8% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~86.9% (July) · ~88.0% (avg) · ~88.9% (February)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~100.0% (July) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (February)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 11%

Cape Town, South Africa (Mediterranean; 33.9°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.7 kWh (June) · 28.4 kWh (avg) · 31.8 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 91% (June) · 114% (avg) · 127% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.7% (June) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.1% (June) · ~73.7% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.2% (June) · ~88.6% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.7 kWh (+5) · 3.1 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 40%

Latin America

Mexico City, Mexico (Subtropical highland; 19.4°N)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 26.5 kWh (December) · 29.9 kWh (avg) · 32.3 kWh (September)
Generation vs consumption: 106% (December) · 120% (avg) · 129% (September)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~36.4% (December) · ~46.0% (avg) · ~53.4% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.9% (December) · ~74.5% (avg) · ~81.6% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~82.0% (December) · ~88.8% (avg) · ~93.0% (September)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (December) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (September)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 2.9 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 22%

São Paulo, Brazil (Subtropical; 23.6°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 25.6 kWh (June) · 29.5 kWh (avg) · 32.2 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 102% (June) · 118% (avg) · 129% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~36.3% (June) · ~45.8% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.7% (June) · ~74.3% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.8% (June) · ~88.8% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.6 kWh (no battery) · 6.6 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 26%

Santiago, Chile (Mediterranean; 33.4°S)

Daily generation (6.6 kW): 22.8 kWh (June) · 28.4 kWh (avg) · 31.9 kWh (October)
Generation vs consumption: 91% (June) · 114% (avg) · 128% (October)
Self-sufficiency — no battery: ~35.7% (June) · ~45.3% (avg) · ~53.4% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 5 kWh battery: ~64.2% (June) · ~73.8% (avg) · ~81.6% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 8 kWh battery: ~81.3% (June) · ~88.6% (avg) · ~93.0% (October)
Self-sufficiency — + 12 kWh battery: ~99.9% (June) · ~100.0% (avg) · ~100.0% (October)
Grid import — weighted avg: 13.8 kWh (no battery) · 6.7 kWh (+5) · 3.0 kWh (+8) · 0.0 kWh (+12)
Typical daylight window (avg): 7:00am – 5:00pm
Seasonal variation: 40%

Plan your system

Homeowners: See what solar could save at your address (savings calculator).
Professionals: Design a system for a client (Photonik Pro).