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Solar and battery design guide For professionals and hands-on homeowners

Follow the eleven-step design workflow from site assessment to handover — or jump straight to what you need. The design quiz sharpens trade-off calls on real numbers; calculators handle strings, placement, sizing, and off-grid loads; and the reference pages let you compare payback and ROI across countries and states, model regional load patterns, and pull product specs for quoting.

How to design a solar & battery system

Site assessment, system design, pricing, and documentation — with Photonik Pro walkthroughs at the key steps.

Start here

Goals and system type

What this guide produces, grid vs hybrid vs off-grid, and the goals that shape your design.

Site assessment

Usable area, shading, and obstructions on the primary roof or ground mount.

Energy Profile

Daily or monthly kWh, day vs night use, seasonal peaks, and future loads such as EV or AC.

System size (kW)

Target kWp from usage and site limits; oversizing and undersizing trade-offs.

Choosing and placing panels

Module choice, orientation, tilt, portrait vs landscape, and physical panel placement.

Choosing an inverter

String vs micro vs hybrid topology for your site.

Strings and electrical match

Panels per string, voltage at hot and cold, inverter MPPT window, and DC:AC ratio.

Battery storage

Whether you need a battery, kWh target, and AC vs DC coupling — essential for off-grid.

How to price a solar system

Cost build-up, margin, rebates, and tax — how an installer prices the job.

Design and proposal review

Walk the client through the proposal — design outcomes, savings, site plan, and price.

Documentation and handover

Confirmed site plan, equipment schedule, and the package for the install team.

Photonik — free professional solar design tool

Create detailed proposals for your clients — panel layouts, costing, and PDF reports

grid_view Quick draw panel placement
description Detailed financial proposals
inventory_2 1000+ panel & inverter models
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Tools & calculators

Design quiz

Practice design trade-offs with real numbers — pick the better option for each user goal and see why with explained outcomes.

String voltage calculator

Check string Voc and Vmp against your inverter's MPPT window at record-low and record-high site temperatures.

Panel placement tool

Sketch a single roof plane or ground area and get a panel count with row spacing and setbacks applied.

Solar & battery sizing calculator

Homeowner-facing combined sizing — daily kWh, system kW, and battery kWh. Share the link when a client wants to explore the trade-offs themselves.

Off-grid load table

Enter each appliance and duty cycle to estimate summer and winter kWh/day before sizing array and battery.

When a single-tool check isn't enough

The calculators above each answer one question. Photonik Pro lets you design the whole system in one place — multi-roof layouts, shading losses, equipment selection, pricing, and a proposal the homeowner can sign off on.

Open Photonik Pro →

Data & reference

Product directories & comparisons

Browse manufacturer specs and shortlists: Panels · Inverters · Batteries. See featured comparisons for side-by-side specs on popular models.

Energy usage & generation patterns

Typical solar generation and household load shapes by region — useful for sizing and client conversations.

Solar savings & payback by country

Annual savings, payback, and 10- and 25-year returns by country — plus indicative prices and rebates for quoting.

Feed-in tariffs & solar export

Why feed-in tariffs fell, how batteries and VPPs change the value story — useful for client objection handling.

Further reading from Clean Energy Reviews

Designing for your own home?

If you're a homeowner rather than an installer, start with the buying guide — it frames the same trade-offs in plain language, with a savings calculator that models your own bill.